Week of September 22nd

Well, after a few days out and some much needed rest, I am feeling much better. I apologize for such a short blog last week. I really wasn't up to it.



In academic chemistry, the students received their lab notebooks, and I met with each student to discuss any format problems, so that they could fix them for next time. We had two quizzes: one on the monatomic ions and another on the polyatomic ions. It is important to know these ions when we begin writing reactions and performing calculations based on the reactions in the next chapter. We also finished up our packet on writing and naming compounds. Here is a summary to study the test on Tuesday:



Ionic Compounds:

• Ionic Compounds are formed from a metal and a nonmetal, a metal and a polyatomic ion, or a nonmetal and a polyatomic ion.


• The charges of each ion have to add up to zero. So, you have to add ions until the sum is zero. One technique for doing this is to take the charge of one ion and use it as the subscript for the other. For example, Cu2+ and N3- would make the compound Cu3N2. BE CAREFUL!!! If the charges are not in the lowest possible ratio, you must reduce (for example, the compound made from Sn4+ and O2- is SnO2, not Sn2O4.)


• The compound name is just the name of the individual ions put together (cation first, then anion) For example NaCl is called sodium chloride and CuSO4 is copper (II) sulfate.

Molecular Compounds:

• Molecular Compounds are made from two nonmetals.


• They are named using the following prefixes (you need to know the prefixes): mono=1, di=2, tri=3, tetra=4, penta=5, hexa=6, hepta=7, octa=8, nona=9, deca=10


• Do not use mono for the first element in the compound (For example, CO is carbon monoxide, NOT monocarbon monoxide)


• To write the compounds from the name, use the prefixes as subscripts. (For example, dinitrogen tetroxide is N2O4)

Acids

• All of the acids will begin with an H in the compound.


• To name the acid, look at the anion attached to the H.


• If is is a monatomic, then the name of the acid is hydro_____ic acid. The ___ is the root of the ion. (For example H2S is called hydrosulfuric acid.)


• If the anion is polyatomic, look at the name of the ion.


• If it ends with -ate (sulfate, phosphate, chlorate), the name of the acid is ______ic acid, where ____ is the root of the ion. (For example, H2SO4 has the sulfate ion, so its name is sulfuric acid)


• If the polyatomic ion ends in -ite (chlorite, sulfite), the name of the acid is _____ous acid, where ____ is the root of the ion. (For example, H2SO3 has the sulfite ion, so its name is sulfurous acid)

Other topics that will be on the test Tuesday include:

• Isotopes


• Average Atomic Mass


• Monatomic and Polyatomic ions


• The model of the atom (Rutherford's Model)


• The Cathode ray experiment


• Alkanes (drawing structural formulas, definition)


• Writing molecular formulas given structural formulas


• Dalton's Atomic Theory


• Subatomic Particles


• The periodic table


• Empirical formulas

In Chemistry II, we reviewed and tested on chapter 4 and worked on research projects. Blogs are due on Monday. Next week, we begin Chapter 5: Thermochemistry (Oh Boy!!!!)

In football news, NS lost a tough battle to Marian last night. The Bills are going to cream St. Louis tomorrow! I'm so excited! 4 and 0 baby!

Ms. Harris